The history of the Galipoli campaign
The battlefields and cemeteries today
a ) Anzac Cove and the beach areas
b ) The Anzac front line and the heights
c ) The Helles area
d ) The Suvla area
Anzac units on Galipoli
Casualties
Travel advice and information

 


At V Beach the fort at Seddulbahir was heavily bombarded by naval guns before dawn on 25 April and 2,000 British soldiers were landed on a converted collier in broad daylight. The Turks were well dug in above the landing beach and their fire annihillated the British troops as they reached the shore. Six Victoria Crosses were awarded to Royal Navy sailors for their bravery during the landing. On the following day the Allies stormed the defences and secured the tip of the peninsula. Three further Victoria Crosses were awarded to soldiers for this action. The Turkish garrison, consisting of only one company, fought so tenaciously that the British originally thought it consisted of a division. Seddulbahir and V beach became the French Corps base shortly after the area was secured.

V Beach Cemetery is located in Ertugrul Bay just above the landing beach and a walking path leads to it from the cliffs above the bay. The cemetery was used as a burial ground from the day after the landing. It contains the headstones of only 20 known graves along with the graves of 480 unidentified sailors and soldiers.

At S Beach in Morto Bay three British companies landed easily under light opposition. They then dug in and failed to advance although a short march would have enabled them to assault the Turkish positions at Seddulbahir from the rear and assist the disastrous landing at V beach.

The Canakkale Sehitleri Memorial (Canakkale Martyrs Memorial), a massive rectangular stone baldachin 40 metres high, is dedicated to the memory of the Turkish soldiers who died in the Gailipoli campaign. The memorial contains a War Relics Museum in its undercroft and is the site for the Turkish official commemorative ceremony on Anzac Day. The Canakkale Cemetery, located adjacent to the Memorial, consists of a fountain, a place for prayer, bronze statues and a cemetery with a memorial wall. The cemetery is symbolic, the names of 600 Turkish soldiers who died on Gallipoli being drawn from Turkish Army casualty lists to represent every province in the Ottoman Empire.

On the slopes overlooking Morto Bay is the French War Cemetery and Memorial containing the graves of over 3,000 French soldiers (mainly Colonials from Senegal) and four ossuaries, each containing the remains of 3,000 unknown French soldiers. On 25 April French troops attacked Kumkale on the Asiatic coast but were repulsed within 24 hours and were transferred to V Beach where they took over the right flank of the Allied push on Krithia.
After the debacle of the Helles landings, on 28 April the Allied forces consolidated and advanced towards Krithia and Achi Baba but were stopped well short of their objectives and forced to dig in. The 14,000 British soldiers engaged suffered almost 3,000 casualties in this (first) battle of Krithia. In early May the Allies launched another assault to capture Krithia and the Achi Baba ridge and break out of the Helles enclave. This attack became known as the second battle of Krithia (6-8 May).

Skew Bridge Cemetery, 50 metres off the road to Alcitepe, contains 606 graves, mostly of British sailors and marines who died in the second battle of Krithia.

Redoubt Cemetery is sited behind the original support lines of 8-9 May and contains 2,027 graves, 1,000 of them unidentified. Among them are Australians of the 2nd Australian Brigade which suffered heavily in the Krithia attacks.

By mid-May the attacks at Helles had stalled with the Allied front line still 3 kilometres short of the objectives of 25 April. The front line did not move substantially for the rest of the campaign. Fighting was continuous in this sector however, erupting into the ferocious battle of Gully Ravine (28 June to 5 July) when British forces attempted to turn the Turkish right flank in this rugged terrain. The British forces suffered nearly 4,000 casualties but the Turkish line held. Turkish casualties from their counter-attacks were 14,000 men killed, wounded and missing.

Sargiyeri Memorial and Cemetery, about 1 kilometre west of Alcitepe, in the upper reaches of Gully Ravine, is on the site of Turkish Field Ambulance from these battles. The memorial is dedicated to Turkish soldiers of the 25th and 26th Infantry Regiments killed when the Field Ambulance was bombarded by British artillery.

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